Back to Numbers and relationships

Whole-number representations and calculation methods topic check

Practise whole-number representations and calculation methods in Primary 5 Foundation Mathematics, check independently, and return later to review. This check covers selected skills, not the whole course topic.

Learning goals
  • Write a whole number in words
  • Write a numeral for a number given in words
  • Compare and order numbers and representations
  • Round whole numbers to tens, hundreds and thousands
  • Describe and extend number patterns
  • Write a rounded value using approximate equality
  • Add in place-value columns with the required exchanges
  • Subtract in place-value columns, preserving value through exchanges
  • Multiply using place-value parts and partial products
  • Divide through place-value steps, retaining exchanges and zero places
  • Multiply whole numbers by 10, 100 or 1000
  • Divide whole numbers by 10, 100 or 1000
  • Multiply whole numbers by a multiple of 10, 100 or 1000
  • Divide whole numbers by a multiple of 10, 100 or 1000
  • Evaluate expressions with operation order and brackets
  • Calculate mentally with addition and subtraction
  • Calculate mentally with multiplication and division
  • Determine whether one whole number is a factor of another
  • Determine whether one whole number is a multiple of another
  • Find the complete common factors of two positive whole numbers
  • Find distinct positive common multiples of two whole numbers
  • MOE teaching syllabus · Primary 5 Foundation Mathematics (taught from 2025)
Start · Practise · Check · Review

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Practise

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Practise after feedback

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Check your progress

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Write numbers in both forms · Check your progress

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Multiply by 10, 100 and 1000 · Check your progress

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Divide by 10, 100 and 1000 · Check your progress

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Multiply by multiples of ten · Check your progress

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Divide by multiples of ten · Check your progress

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Use operation order and brackets · Check your progress

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Order numbers and follow patterns · Check your progress

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Round numbers and write approximations · Check your progress

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Add and subtract with place values · Check your progress

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Multiply and divide two-digit numbers · Check your progress

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Mental adding and subtracting (answer check) · Check your progress

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Mental multiplying and dividing (answer check) · Check your progress

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Find factors, multiples and common values · Check your progress

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Check again

After practising what your progress check showed, check those skills again.

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Write numbers in both forms · Check again

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Multiply by 10, 100 and 1000 · Check again

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Divide by 10, 100 and 1000 · Check again

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Multiply by multiples of ten · Check again

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Divide by multiples of ten · Check again

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Use operation order and brackets · Check again

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Order numbers and follow patterns · Check again

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Round numbers and write approximations · Check again

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Add and subtract with place values · Check again

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Multiply and divide two-digit numbers · Check again

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Mental adding and subtracting (answer check) · Check again

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Mental multiplying and dividing (answer check) · Check again

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Find factors, multiples and common values · Check again

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Retention check

Come back later to see whether your learning has lasted.

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Write numbers in both forms · Retention check

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Multiply by 10, 100 and 1000 · Retention check

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Divide by 10, 100 and 1000 · Retention check

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Multiply by multiples of ten · Retention check

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Divide by multiples of ten · Retention check

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Use operation order and brackets · Retention check

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Order numbers and follow patterns · Retention check

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Round numbers and write approximations · Retention check

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Add and subtract with place values · Retention check

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Multiply and divide two-digit numbers · Retention check

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Mental adding and subtracting (answer check) · Retention check

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Mental multiplying and dividing (answer check) · Retention check

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Find factors, multiples and common values · Retention check

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Practise: Write numbers in both forms

Practise questions on the skills you are learning.

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Practise: Multiply by 10, 100 and 1000

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Practise: Divide by 10, 100 and 1000

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Practise: Multiply by multiples of ten

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Practise: Divide by multiples of ten

Practise questions on the skills you are learning.

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Practise: Use operation order and brackets

Practise questions on the skills you are learning.

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Practise: Order numbers and follow patterns

Practise questions on the skills you are learning.

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Practise: Round numbers and write approximations

Practise questions on the skills you are learning.

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Practise: Add and subtract with place values

Practise questions on the skills you are learning.

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Practise: Multiply and divide two-digit numbers

Practise questions on the skills you are learning.

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Practise: Mental adding and subtracting (answer check)

Practise questions on the skills you are learning.

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Practise: Mental multiplying and dividing (answer check)

Practise questions on the skills you are learning.

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Practise: Find factors, multiples and common values

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Revision notes

Revise numbers and relationships

Review place value, whole-number calculations, factors and multiples, then use powers of ten and operation order in Foundation problems.

Key ideas

  1. Two-digit products and quotients

    Work one place at a time. Ten ones make a ten, and a ten makes ten ones, so an exchange never changes the amount.

  2. Read and write numbers in millions

    Use place-value periods to read and record whole numbers up to ten million.

  3. Large numbers and useful estimates

    A digit’s value depends on its place. State the rounding place and keep the original value when choosing another accuracy.

  4. Choose a short mental route

    Stop at a helpful hundred. Track the part you used. How much must you still add or subtract?

  5. Use a multiplication fact you know

    Use a multiplication fact you know. Build another fact from it. Use the same groups to divide.

  6. Add and subtract three-digit numbers

    Exchange between neighbouring places without changing the value. Keep equal place values lined up.

  7. Powers of ten and operation order

    Scale whole numbers by tens and decide the order of a calculation before working.

  8. Factors, multiples and common values

    A factor divides a number exactly. A multiple is made by multiplying; a common value must work for both numbers.

What the syllabus asks

From the Primary 5 Foundation Mathematics 2025 syllabus

Show all 18 syllabus statements
  • Reading and writing numbers in numerals and in words
  • Comparing and ordering numbers up to 100 000
  • Rounding numbers to the nearest 10, 100 or 1000
  • Patterns in number sequences
  • Use of ≈
  • Addition and subtraction algorithms (up to 3 digits) without calculator
  • Multiplication and division algorithms (up to 2 digits by 1 digit) without calculator
  • Multiplying and dividing by 10, 100, 1000 and their multiples without calculator
  • Order of operations
  • Use of brackets
  • Mental calculation involving
  • Addition and subtraction of a 3-digit number and ones/tens/hundreds
  • Multiplication and division within the multiplication tables
  • Factors, multiples and their relationship
  • Determining if a 1-digit number is a factor of a given number within 100
  • Finding the common factors of two given numbers
  • Determining if a number is a multiple of a given 1-digit number
  • Finding the common multiples of two given 1-digit numbers